Summary
"The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali," translated and with commentary by Sri Swami Satchidananda, is a profound exploration of Rāja Yoga, the science of the mind. This edition, revised in 2012, presents a practical handbook for understanding and mastering the mind, emphasizing that true Yoga is achieved through the restraint of mental modifications. Satchidananda's commentary illuminates Patañjali's concise sutras, offering clarity and simplicity to this ancient text.
The book begins by defining Yoga as the restraint of mental fluctuations, guiding the seeker toward abiding in their true nature. It details the five types of mental modifications—right knowledge, misconception, verbal delusion, sleep, and memory—and provides methods to control these through practice and non-attachment. The text explores the concept of non-attachment (vairāgya) and its significance in achieving mental steadiness, differentiating between ordinary detachment from desires and the supreme non-attachment that arises from realizing the true Self.
It delves into the practice of samādhi, contemplation, and its variations, such as saṁprajñāta and asaṁprajñāta samādhi. The importance of devotion to Īśvara (the Supreme God) is highlighted as an alternative path to achieving samādhi. This edition also covers the obstacles encountered on the Yogic path, offering practical advice on overcoming them, emphasizing the cultivation of positive attitudes—friendliness, compassion, delight, and disregard—to maintain mental calmness.
The latter part of the book discusses the eight limbs of Yoga, offering in-depth commentary on each, from yama and niyama to āsana, prāṇāyāma, and pratyāhāra, leading up to the final stages of dhāraṇā, dhyāna, and samādhi. The text further elucidates the nature of karma, viveka (discrimination), and the ultimate goal of kaivalya (absoluteness), providing practical guidance and profound insights for Yoga practitioners at all levels. It serves as a comprehensive guide to the science of Yoga, blending ancient wisdom with contemporary relevance.