Summary

"Existentialism From Dostoevsky to Sartre" by Walter Kaufmann is a comprehensive anthology that traces the roots and development of existentialism through key literary and philosophical works. Kaufmann presents a curated collection of writings from seminal thinkers, starting with Dostoevsky's "Notes from Underground" as a foundational text.

The anthology delves into the contributions of Kierkegaard, exploring his emphasis on individual existence, choice, and the rejection of systematized thought. It examines Nietzsche's concepts of individualism, the will to power, and critique of traditional morality, positioning him as a pivotal figure in the movement's evolution.

Kaufmann includes works from Rilke and Kafka to illustrate existential themes in literature, such as alienation, the search for meaning, and the struggle with the absurd. He also features essays from Jaspers and Heidegger, providing insights into their respective philosophies of Existenz and Being.

The collection culminates with selections from Sartre and Camus, showcasing their contributions to existentialism through literary and philosophical writings. Sartre's exploration of self-deception and freedom, along with Camus's concept of the absurd and revolt, highlight the diverse expressions within existentialist thought.

Kaufmann's anthology not only presents a historical overview of existentialism but also offers new translations and insightful commentary, inviting readers to engage with the core ideas and individual voices that have shaped this influential philosophical and literary tradition. The overarching narrative emphasizes the importance of individual experience, freedom, and the search for meaning in a world without inherent purpose.